Patient |
Age, yr |
Mean ± SD | 75.9 ± 7.3 | 77.2 ± 6.8 | 75.7 ± 7.3 |
Median (IQR) | 75.0 (70.0–81.0) | 77.0 (72.0–82.0) | 75.0 (70.0–81.0) |
Sex, female | 1256 (58.9) | 216 (53.7) | 1040 (60.1) |
Rural residence | 45 (2.1) | 13 (3.2) | 32 (1.8) |
Income quintile |
1 (lowest) | 302 (14.2) | 59 (14.7) | 243 (14.0) |
2 | 380 (17.8) | 69 (17.2) | 311 (18.0) |
3 | 418 (19.6) | 76 (18.9) | 342 (19.8) |
4 | 533 (25.0) | 96 (23.9) | 437 (25.3) |
5 (highest) | 499 (23.4) | 102 (25.4) | 397 (22.9) |
Came from doctor’s office (v. home) | 569 (26.7) | 159 (39.6) | 410 (23.7) |
Medical history |
Atrial fibrillation | 568 (26.6) | 66 (16.4) | 502 (29.0) |
Heart failure | 224 (10.5) | 47 (11.7) | 177 (10.2) |
Hypertension | 1615 (75.8) | 332 (82.6) | 1283 (74.2) |
Diabetes mellitus | 385 (18.1) | 87 (21.6) | 298 (17.2) |
Stroke or TIA | 23 (1.1) | † | † |
Coronary artery disease | 421 (19.7) | 84 (20.9) | 337 (19.5) |
Valvular disease | 36 (1.7) | 10 (2.5) | 26 (1.5) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 131 (6.1) | 27 (6.7) | 104 (6.0) |
Chronic renal failure | 30 (1.4) | 7 (1.7) | 23 (1.3) |
Dementia | 40 (1.9) | 8 (2.0) | 32 (1.8) |
History of falls | 41 (1.9) | 9 (2.2) | 32 (1.8) |
ADG score, median (IQR) | 13 (10–15) | 12 (10–15) | 13 (10–15) |
CHADS2 score |
0 | 216 (10.1) | 19 (4.7) | 197 (11.4) |
1 | 780 (36.6) | 112 (27.9) | 668 (38.6) |
2 | 812 (38.1) | 196 (48.8) | 616 (35.6) |
≥ 3 | 324 (15.2) | 75 (18.7) | 249 (14.4) |
CHA2DS2-VASc score |
1 | 97 (4.5) | 7 (1.7) | 90 (5.2) |
2 | 384 (18.0) | 57 (14.2) | 327 (18.9) |
3 | 681 (31.9) | 118 (29.4) | 563 (32.5) |
4 | 611 (28.7) | 149 (37.1) | 462 (26.7) |
5 | 260 (12.2) | 57 (14.2) | 203 (11.7) |
≥ 6 | 99 (4.6) | 14 (3.5) | 85 (4.9) |
HAS-BLED score 1 or 2 (v. 3) | 942 (44.2) | 179 (44.5) | 763 (44.1) |
Warfarin therapy failed in the past | 9 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (0.5) |
History of GI bleed | 19 (0.9) | † | † |
History of other bleed | 10 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (0.6) |
Smoking history |
Current | 83 (3.9) | 10 (2.5) | 73 (4.2) |
Previous | 138 (6.5) | 35 (8.7) | 103 (6.0) |
ASA | 775 (36.4) | 147 (36.6) | 628 (36.3) |
Clopidogrel | 44 (2.1) | 8 (2.0) | 36 (2.1) |
ASA + clopidogrel (40) | 50 (2.3) | 6 (1.5) | 44 (2.5) |
ED arrival and care |
Arrival by ambulance | 581 (27.3) | 78 (19.4) | 503 (29.1) |
Triage score‡ |
1 or 2 | 426 (20.0) | 96 (23.9) | 330 (19.1) |
3, 4 or 5 | 1706 (80.0) | 306 (76.1) | 1400 (80.9) |
Presenting heart rate, median (IQR) | 113 (88–136) | 110 (85–132) | 114 (89–138) |
Proof of atrial fibrillation by ECG or rhythm strip | 1949 (91.4) | 389 (96.8) | 1560 (90.2) |
Creatinine, μmol/L, median (IQR) | 82 (68–98) | 87 (72–103) | 81 (68–97) |
Discharge |
Discharge rhythm |
Normal sinus rhythm | 1142 (53.6) | 93 (23.1) | 1049 (60.6) |
Atrial fibrillation | 875 (41.0) | 274 (68.2) | 601 (34.7) |
Other | 95 (4.5) | 30 (7.5) | 65 (3.8) |
Unknown | 20 (0.9) | † | † |
New prescription of ASA and/or clopidogrel | 380 (17.8) | † | † |
ED physician prescribed OAC | 296 (13.9) | 296 (73.6) | – |
ED physician documented that prescribing OAC was considered | 308 (14.4) | † | † |
Consultation provided by cardiologist or internist in ED | 341 (16.0) | 106 (26.4) | 235 (13.6) |
Documented follow-up advice |
Follow up with relevant provider (PCP, cardiologist, internist) | 1952 (91.6) | 386 (96.0) | 1566 (90.5) |
Follow up with other provider | 39 (1.8) | 12 (3.0) | 27 (1.6) |
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