Among incident cases of GO in Olmsted County, Minnesota: GO affected females six times
more frequently than males (86% versus 14% of cases, respectively). The age-adjusted …

I. Introduction R ECENT progress in the study of Graves' ophthalmopathy has been anything
but stagnant. The past 20 yr have witnessed a rapid expansion in the collective …

From 1984 to October 1989 at the Plastic Surgery Unit in Wesseling, we carried out 147
operations on 75 patients with Graves' disease. Intraorbital fat was removed through a …

Introduction Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune disease that causes retro-orbital
inflammation and subsequent proptosis, corneal exposure, strabismus, and variable vision …

Twenty-two apparently euthyroid patients with endocrine ophthalmopathy not associated
with goiter, antithyroid microsomal or antithyroglobulin antibodies, or overt thyroid disease …

Objectives: There is a general belief that Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a “chronic” disease,
namely that patients' eyes do not return to how they were before GO appeared. Here, we …

Management of retraction of the upper lid during the congestive phase of thyroid eye
disease is usually limited to conservative treatment. We evaluated the efficacy of …

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze upper and lower eyelid contours in adult
patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) and normal adults using a software program that …

Abstract Background/Aims The natural course of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) has been poorly
documented. The aim of this review is to provide current knowledge regarding the natural …

A 45-year-old female patient with thyrotoxicosis presented with mild blurring of vision in the
left eye. On examination, she was found to have deep anterior chambers in both eyes, with …