Governments, non-governmental organizations, and community leaders in many countries
face a daunting task: the design and implementation of policies, programs, and systems that …

A key component of spatial navigation is the ability to use visual information to ascertain
where one is located and how one is oriented in the world. We used functional magnetic …

Background Although ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) surgery is the most frequent surgical
treatment for patients with hydrocephalus, modern rates of complications in adults are …

A rare neurodevelopmental disorder in the Old Order Mennonite population called PMSE (polyhydramnios,
megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy syndrome; also called Pretzel …

Polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy syndrome (PMSE) is a rare
human autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by abnormal brain development, cognitive …

Face recognition is more strongly impaired by stimulus inversion than nonface object
recognition. This phenomenon, known as the face inversion effect (FIE), suggests that the visual …

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by developmental malformations of the
cerebral cortex known as tubers, comprised of cells that exhibit enhanced mammalian target …

Objective: Focal cortical dysplasia type IIB (FCDIIB) is a sporadic developmental malformation
of the cerebral cortex highly associated with pediatric epilepsy. Balloon cells (BCs) in …

Repetition suppression (RS) is a reduction of neural response that is often observed when
stimuli are presented more than once. Many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) …

Intramedullary spinal cord tumors (IMSCTs) comprise a rare subset of central nervous system
(CNS) tumors that can develop at any age and have distinct management strategies based …