Background Phytoestrogens, which are abundant in flaxseed and soy, have chemical
structures resembling those of endogenous estrogens and have been shown to exert hormonal …

Flavonoids, found in a wide diversity of plant foods from fruits and vegetables, herbs and
spices, essential oils, and beverages, have the most potential of dietary components for …

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a significant risk factor for
tooth loss. Although a link between diet and periodontal health exists, the relation between …

In postmenopausal women, reduced bone mineral density at the hip and spine is associated
with an increased risk of tooth loss, possibly due to a loss of alveolar bone. In turn, having …

The gut microbiota (GM) is an important regulator of body homeostasis, including intestinal
and extra-intestinal effects. This review focuses on the GM-bone axis, which we define as the …

Estrogen is a steroid hormone that regulates embryogenesis, cell proliferation and
differentiation, organogenesis, the timing of parturition, and fetal imprinting by carrying chemical …

Background The transition from high school to university life is a critical time for change, often
accompanied by the adoption of negative lifestyle habits including unhealthy nutrition. The …

As the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing, and the adverse effects of hormone
replacement therapy are evident, women are searching for natural alternatives such as soy …

… Kish: data acquisition, manuscript reviewer David Ditor: manuscript reviewer/reviser Wendy
E. Ward: supervisory committee member, manuscript reviewer/reviser Evangelia Tsiani: …

Incorporating n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet may promote the development
of a healthy skeleton and thereby reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis in later life. …