Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are a key element of evidence-based healthcare, yet
they remain in some ways mysterious. Why did the authors select certain studies and reject …

This article introduces the approach of GRADE to rating quality of evidence. GRADE specifies
four categories—high, moderate, low, and very low—that are applied to a body of evidence…

… Regina Kunz, associate professor3, … 5 Department of Epidemiology, CLARITY Research
Group, Italian National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy … Articles by Regina Kunz …

… Regina Kunz, associate professor3, … 6 Department of Epidemiology, CLARITY Research
Group, Italian National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy … Articles by Regina Kunz …

This article is the first of a series providing guidance for use of the Grading of Recommendations
Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system of rating quality of …

Guidelines are inconsistent in how they rate the quality of evidence and the strength of
recommendations. This article explores the advantages of the GRADE system, which is …

In the GRADE approach, randomized trials start as high-quality evidence and observational
studies as low-quality evidence, but both can be rated down if most of the relevant evidence …

GRADE suggests that examination of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) provides the optimal
primary approach to decisions regarding imprecision. For practice guidelines, rating down the …

This article deals with inconsistency of relative (rather than absolute) treatment effects in
binary/dichotomous outcomes. A body of evidence is not rated up in quality if studies yield …

Background This guideline addresses the management of patients who are receiving
anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy and require an elective surgery or procedure. Methods The …