Despite the considerable progress in the classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
(IIPs), the lack of an international standard has resulted in variable and confusing …

Transforming growth factor-S (TGF-I3) can regulate cell growth and differentiation as well as
production of extracellular matrix proteins. Elevated production ofTGF-13 has been …

A rat model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis was used to
examine the relationship between collagen synthesis and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta…

The transforming growth factor-betas (TGF-βs) are synthesized as precursor proteins that
are modified intracellularly prior to secretion. One of the most relevant intracellular …

Chinese translation This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended
to this article as a Supplement . Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is …

Although it is recognized that three isoforms of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)
exist in mammals, their expression, distribution, and function in injury and repair are not well …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fatal fibrotic lung disease. Transforming
growth factor (TGF)-β1 is present in a biologically active conformation in the epithelial cells …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; a progressive lung disease) is characterized by
parenchymal remodeling with enlarged air spaces called honeycomb cysts and palisades of …

Background Airway remodeling in asthma is the result of increased expression of connective
tissue proteins, airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) hyperplasia and hypertrophy. TGF-β1 …

Background Pulmonary rehabilitation improves outcomes in patients with interstitial lung
disease (ILD), however it is unclear whether these effects are long lasting and which patients …