Background Children with bilateral permanent hearing impairment often have impaired
language and speech abilities. However, the effects of universal newborn screening for …

Nonadherence to immunosuppressants is recognized to occur after renal transplantation,
but the size of its impact on transplant survival is not known. A systematic literature search …

Background High-volume prescribing of antibiotics in primary care is a major driver of
antibiotic resistance. Education of physicians and patients can lower prescribing levels, but it …

BACKGROUND:: This study aims to determine the incidence rate and prognosis of detected
chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a defined population. METHODS:: This is a retrospective …

Objective To determine the safety and effectiveness of nurse telephone consultation in out
of hours primary care by investigating adverse events and the management of calls. Design …

Objective To explore the reasons behind the recent increase in antidepressant prescribing in
the United Kingdom. Design Detailed retrospective analysis of data on general practitioner …

Background Lower-respiratory-tract infection is one of the most common acute illnesses
managed in primary care. Few placebo-controlled studies of antibiotics have been done, and …

Background: Dizziness is a very common symptom and is usually managed in primary care.
Vestibular rehabilitation for dizziness is a simple treatment that may be suitable for primary …

… care research, Jo Kelly trial manager, Ian Williamson senior lecturer in primary care research,
Geraldine Leydon reader in health research, Lisa McDermott research fellow, Mark Mullee …

A common problem when analysing clinical data is that of confounding. This occurs when
the association between an exposure and an outcome is investigated but the exposure and …