The concept of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related cytokine storm syndrome (COVID-CSS)
emerged early in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV…

Most knowledge of hemophagocytic syndromes (HPSs) including hemophagocytic
lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is derived from pediatric studies; literature on adult HPS/HLH …

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2r) is an important disease marker in hemophagocytic
lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), but there are no published data on its diagnostic value in …

Hypergammaglobulinemia, the overproduction of immunoglobulins by plasma cells, is broadly
divided into monoclonal and polyclonal subtypes. Monoclonal paraproteins are typically …

A subset of patients with severe COVID-19 develop profound inflammation and multi-organ
dysfunction consistent with a “Cytokine Storm Syndrome” (CSS). In this review we compare …

Studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) suggest a
protective effect of anti-A antibodies against viral cell entry that may hold relevance for SARS-CoV-…

Hemophagocytosis refers to ingestion of hematopoietic elements or mature blood cells by
another cell, typically by cells conventionally associated with phagocytic capacity. Although …

IgG4-related disease is a fibro-inflammatory condition that can affect nearly any organ system.
Common presentations include major salivary and lacrimal gland enlargement, orbital …

… Luke YC Chen … Hayden A, Park S, Giustini D, Lee AY, Chen LY (2016) Hemophagocytic
syndromes (HPSs) including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in adults: a systematic …

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the practice of medicine at a threshold overlooking a
new and different era, 1 and has led to the evolving concept of COVID-19 cytokine storm …