ESC Guidelines 2389 disclosure forms are kept on file at the European Heart House,
headquarters of the ESC. Any changes in conflict of interest that arise during the writing period …

Background—Circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) may constitute an independent
risk factor for cardiovascular disease. How CRP as a risk factor is involved in cardiovascular …

Oral anticoagulants are a mainstay of cardiovascular therapy, and for over 60 years vitamin
K antagonists (VKAs) were the only available agents for long-term use. VKAs interfere with …

Background Vitamin K antagonists are highly effective in preventing stroke in patients with
atrial fibrillation but have several limitations. Apixaban is a novel oral direct factor Xa inhibitor …

The management of acute myocardial infarction continues to undergo major changes. Good
practice should be based on sound evidence derived from well-conducted clinical trials. …

ESC Guidelines 2721 the outcome of disease may be favourably influenced by the thorough
application of clinical recommendations. Thus, the task of writing guidelines covers not only …

Background Acute coronary syndromes arise from coronary atherosclerosis with superimposed
thrombosis. Since factor Xa plays a central role in thrombosis, the inhibition of factor Xa …

Background If percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is required in patients taking oral
anticoagulants, antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is indicated, but such triple …

Background— Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk for recurrent cardiovascular
events after acute coronary syndromes, in part because of increased platelet reactivity. …

Background Current guidelines recommend an early invasive strategy for patients who
have acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation and with an elevated cardiac …