BACKGROUND: An important cause of delayed recovery from intestinal surgery is postoperative
ileus. Gum chewing is a form of sham feeding, which could encourage gastrointestinal …

Background The transfusion rate following colorectal cancer resection is between 10 and 30
per cent. Receipt of allogeneic blood is not without risk or cost. A preoperative adjunct that …

Background Very preterm infants are at increased risk of adverse outcomes in early childhood.
We assessed whether delayed clamping of the umbilical cord reduces mortality or major …

Background Several instruments are available for open and laparoscopic dissection, including
electrothermal bipolar vessel sealers and ultrasonically coagulating shears. The vessel …

The end of the late Pleistocene (∼10,000 years ago) witnessed the extinction of over seventy
percent of North America’s megafaunal genera. Although this pattern has been extensively …

… which were bound to arise between members of his nobility-newly created from his army-he …
If his "boys were all girls," perhaps the noble had a valiant son-in-law. It soon became …

The implantation of large numbers of permanent cardiac pacemakers carries with it the
responsibility for continual reassessment of all aspects of patient management. Experience with …

During the period under review oats in New South Wales were attacked by Bacterium
striafaciens and rye by Bact. translucens secalis [RAM, xi, p. 434]. Maize suffered from poor …

A review of 633 pacemaker pulse generator replacements performed over 5.7 years revealed
that the average life of pacemakers replaced electively (29.1%) was 24.9 months, while …

Permanent pacemakers do rehabili-tate and prolong life, but at the expense of patient anxiety1
and frequent re-placements, because of uncertain bat-tery life, unpredictable component …