The use of 96-well microtiter plates and a programmable microplate reader to measure
glutathione reductase in an assay based on reduction of 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) by …

The oxidation of sulfamethoxazole to its hydroxylamine metabolite was investigated in vitro
with human liver microsomes and in vivo by detection in the urine. Sulfamethoxazole was …

Phenobarbital (PB) therapy is frequently associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase
(ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities in dogs without clinical signs of liver …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in an array of cellular functions that play important
roles in xenobiotic toxicity. The ER contains the majority of cytochrome P450 enzymes …

In vitro evidence of the involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during drug-induced
renal toxicity is accumulating. ER stress and ER-mediated cell death markers have been …

The N4-hydroxylation of sulfamethoxazole(SMX) to its hydroxy-lamine (SMX-HA) metabolite
is the first step in the formation of reactive metabolites responsible for mediating …

N4-oxidation of sulfonamides has been implicated in the pathogenesis of idiosyncratic
reactions to these antimicrobials. In vitro toxicity assays employing mononuclear leukocytes as …

Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is a spontaneously occurring progressive
disease affecting aged horses and ponies. The pathogenesis of PPID is poorly understood…

Estrogen and its metabolites are believed to play important roles in breast cancer. The
influence of genetic polymorphisms in the enzymes responsible for formation and disposition of …

The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular basis in the dog for an unusual
and absolute deficiency in the activity of cytosolic N-acetyltransferase (NAT), an enzyme …