Buprenorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from thebaine, a naturally occurring
alkaloid of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum. The pharmacology of buprenorphine is …

Illicit drugs such as amphetamines, cocaine, marijuana, and opiates alter immune function
and decrease host resistance to microbes in vitro and in experimental animal models …

Aims To examine trends in prescription opioid (PO) injection and to assess its association
with hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroconversion among injection drug users (IDUs). Design …

Background: In 1997, we found a higher prevalence of HIV among female than among male
injection drug users in Vancouver. Factors associated with HIV incidence among women in …

Over the past decade, Mexico has experienced a significant increase in trafficking of cocaine
and trafficking and production of methamphetamine. An estimated 70% of United States …

In Canada, very little is known about the factors and processes that cause drug-related harm
among female intravenous drug users (IDUs). Women who inject drugs and participate in …

The authors sought to investigate trends in the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infection, evaluate changes in risk behavior, and assess associations between syringe …

Objective: To describe the pattern of co-use of heroin and cocaine in individuals who were
not receiving methadone maintenance treatment. Design: Structured interviews. Setting …

Women who inject drugs in cities where syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are well
established may have different risks for HIV infection. In 1997, we interviewed 149 female …

Natural killer (NK) cells play a role in the clearance of viral infections. Combinations of
alleles at the polymorphic HLA-B locus and the NK cell surface killer immunoglobulin-like …