Importance Surgeon sex is associated with differential postoperative outcomes, though the
mechanism remains unclear. Sex concordance of surgeons and patients may represent a …

American surgical education has a rich heritage, and its programs produce some of the best
trained and most competent surgeons. Although surgery residency training has changed …

The failure of chronic wounds to heal remains a major medical problem. Recent studies
have suggested an important role for growth factors in promoting wound healing. We …

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSI) continue to be a significant problem in surgery.
The American College of Surgeons – National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS…

Objective To determine whether the investment in postgraduate education and training places
patients at risk for worse outcomes and higher costs than if medical and surgical care was …

The cellular properties of semilunar cardiac valve leaflets may be more complex than
previously assumed. In particular, the cells of the leaflet matrix which are likely critical to proper …

Background: For the past two decades multiple series have documented that liver resection
has become safer. The purpose of this study was to determine the current status of hepatic …

Objective To document the incidence, mortality rate, and risk factors for sepsis and septic
shock compared with pulmonary embolism and myocardial infarction in the general-surgery …

Background Diaphragm movement is essential for adequate ventilation, and when the
diaphragm is adversely affected patients face lifelong positive-pressure mechanical ventilation or …

Objective: The leadership of the American Surgical Association (ASA) appointed a Task Force
to objectively address issues related to equity, diversity, and inclusion with the discipline …