The incidence of bone and joint tuberculosis has declined ever since the advent of medical antituberculous therapy. To evaluate the evolving presentation, we undertook a 10-year review of this form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in 7 general hospitals in Israel. Thirty-eight patients were identified on the basis of strict criteria. Median age of 63 years in this series was higher than foreseen in this relatively underdeveloped region. Spinal involvement was remarkably low. Involvement of the extremities had a trend towards right side predominance. Overt clinical manifestations were encountered rarely in cases of deep-seated infection. However, unsuspecting doctors and incomplete workup frequently contributed to a further delay in diagnosis. A significant fraction of aberrant management was also found with undue surgical intervention in many cases.