Epilepsy surgery in children under 3 years

Epilepsy Res. 2011 Feb;93(2-3):96-106. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.11.002. Epub 2010 Dec 14.

Abstract

Purpose: Resective epilepsy surgery in early childhood has become an important treatment option for selected infants and children with epilepsy. We describe experience and clinical outcomes of children under 3 years undergoing epilepsy surgery at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH).

Methods: All children under 36 months of age who had resective surgery for the purpose of treating epilepsy within the GOSH epilepsy surgery programme were ascertained using a departmental database. Aetiology, post-operative seizure frequency, pre and post-operative cognitive function, long-term complications and re-operation rates were analysed by retrospective examination of clinical records.

Results: Forty-two children were included in our cohort with a median age at surgery of 20 months (range 3-36 months). Surgical procedures comprised 25 functional hemispherectomies, two anatomical hemispherectomies, four multilobar resections, seven lobar resections and four focal resections. 7/42 (17%, 95% CI 8-31%) children underwent re-operation. 20/42 (48%, 95% CI 33-62%) children achieved seizure freedom. 18/42 (43%, 95% CI 29-58) demonstrated an improvement in seizure frequency and no children had an increase in seizure frequency. Post-operative complications included subsequent shunt procedure in 5/25 (20%, 95% CI 9-39%) children undergoing hemispherectomy. There were no mortalities. In 23 children pre- and post-operative DQ or IQ was determinable allowing longitudinal comparison. Five children had a decrease in DQ/IQ >15 and two children had an increase DQ/IQ >15.

Discussion: Epilepsy surgery in children under 3 years of age offers suitable candidates a good chance of significantly improved seizure outcome which compares with rates in older cohorts.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Brain / pathology
  • Child Development
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cognition / physiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Electroencephalography
  • Epilepsy / pathology
  • Epilepsy / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Intelligence Tests
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Neurosurgical Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Neurosurgical Procedures* / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Treatment Outcome