Internal Medicine
Online ISSN : 1349-7235
Print ISSN : 0918-2918
ISSN-L : 0918-2918
REVIEW ARTICLE
Emphysematous Cystitis: A Review of the Literature
Masayuki AmanoTaro Shimizu
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JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS

2014 Volume 53 Issue 2 Pages 79-82

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Abstract

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare form of complicated urinary tract infection, its characteristic feature being gas within the bladder wall and lumen. Patients with EC present with variable clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe sepsis. EC is typically observed in elderly women with severe diabetes mellitus. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are often isolated from urine cultures. Imaging methods, such as plain conventional abdominal radiography and computed tomography, are pivotal for obtaining a definitive diagnosis of EC. Most cases can be treated with a combination of antibiotics, bladder drainage and glycemic control. EC is potentially life-threatening, with a mortality rate of 7%. Early medical intervention can contribute to achieving a favorable prognosis without the need for surgical intervention. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the clinical characteristics of EC.

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© 2014 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
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