Chest
Laboratory and Animal InvestigationsIn Vitro Comparison of Beclomethasone and Salbutamol Metered-Dose Inhaler Aerosols Inhaled During Pediatric Tidal Breathing From Four Valved Holding Chambers
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
The apparatus shown in Figure 1, and described in reference 9, was used to allow a simulated tidal breathing pattern to occur through each holding chamber while the “inhaled” aerosol was collected at a constant flow rate of 28.3 L/min into a cascade impactor (Anderson Mark II cascade impactor; Graseby Anderson; Smyrna, GA). Finlay9 has shown that connecting the cascade impactor directly to the holding chamber and “inhaling” into the impactor at a flow rate of 28.3 L/min gives significantly more
Results
Amounts of drug collected in various locations are shown in Table 1 for beclomethasone and in Table 2 for salbutamol.
Amounts collected on the face replicas and in the cylindrical metal inserts connecting the “nostrils” to the impactor airstream were small (together averaging 1.9% of the label claim). For all ages, significantly more beclomethasone deposited on the face with the E-Z Spacer than any of the other devices (p < 0.01).
None of the differences in the total amount collected are
Discussion
Our results show that during pediatric tidal breathing, the Optichamber and AeroChamber behaved similarly (differing from each other on average by <6% in the amount of either beclomethasone or salbutamol inhaled in particles with diameters 1.1 to 4.7 μm or 1.1 to 3.3 μm), and both generally delivered more drug in particle sizes considered appropriate for inhalation treatment when compared with the EZ-Spacer or Space Chamber. The difference between the OptiChamber or AeroChamber and the other
Conclusions
Particle size measurements of the aerosol inhaled from four valved holding chamber types used with salbutamol or beclomethasone MDIs during simulated pediatric tidal breathing indicates that more drug is delivered in fine particles (1.1 to 4.7 μm or 1.1 to 3.3 μm) when using the AeroChamber and OptiChamber holding chambers compared with the Space Chamber or EZ-Spacer. In addition, the AeroChamber and OptiChamber showed less age/breathing pattern dependence to the fine particle dose compared to
Acknowledgments
The laboratory help of H. Orszanska is gratefully acknowledged.
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Supported in part by the Alberta Lung Association.