Clinical outcomes of patients in the Canadian Treatments for COVID-19 trial
| Outcome | No. (%)* of patients receiving remdesivir n = 634 | No. (%)* of patients receiving standard of care n = 647 | RR (95% CI) or difference in means/medians (95% CI) | Risk difference, % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In-hospital mortality, n = 1267† | 117 (18.7) | 145 (22.6) | 0.83 (0.67 to 1.03) | −3.9 (−8.3 to 1.03) |
| Mortality by 60 d, n = 1052‡ | 127 (24.8) | 152 (28.2) | 0.88 (0.72 to 1.07) | −3.4 (−8.8 to 1.9) |
| Need for new mechanical ventilation, n = 1168§ | 46 (8.0) | 89 (15.0) | 0.53 (0.38 to 0.75) | −7.0 (−10.6 to −3.4) |
| Duration of hospital stay† median (IQR) | 10 (6 to 18) | 9 (6 to 17) | 0 (−1 to 0) | |
| Duration of hospital stay for survivors, median (IQR); n = 1005 | 9 (6 to 17) | 9 (6 to 16) | 0 (−1 to 0) | |
| Duration of hospital stay for nonsurvivors, median (IQR); n = 262 | 12 (5 to 20) | 11 (6 to 20) | 0 (−2 to 2) | |
| Need for new oxygen,¶ n = 125 | 16 (22.5) | 16 (29.6) | 0.76 (0.42 to 1.38) | −7.1 (−2.3 to 8.5) |
| Oxygen-free days at day 28, mean ± SD,** median (IQR); n = 1168 | 15.9 ± 10.5 20 (0 to 24) | 14.2 ± 11.1 19 (0 to 24) | 1.7 (0.4 to 3.0) 0 (−1 to 0) | |
| Ventilator-free days at day 28, mean ± SD,** median (IQR); n = 1168 | 21.4 ± 11.3 28 (19 to 28) | 19.5 ± 12.3 28 (1 to 28) | 1.9 (0.5 to 3.2) 0 (0) | |
| Safety | ||||
| New hepatic dysfunction†† | 82 (13.1) | 88 (13.7) | 0.96 (0.72 to 1.26) | −0.6 (−4.4 to 3.1) |
| New dialysis‡‡; n = 1265 | 16 (2.6) | 15 (2.3) | 1.09 (0.54 to 2.19) | 0.2 (−1.5 to 1.9) |
| Day 5 serum creatinine, mean ± SD; median (IQR); n = 936 | 86.7 ± 78.0 71 (57–88.5) | 87.7 ± 79.2 69 (57–87.5) | −0.92 (−10.9 to 9.1) −1 (−4 to 2) | |
Note: ALT = alanine aminotransferase, CI = confidence interval, IQR = interquartile range, RR = relative risk, SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless otherwise specified.
↵† 15 patients have missing hospital mortality and length of stay: 6 patients still in hospital and 9 withdrew consent.
↵‡ 230 patients withdrew consent or were lost to follow-up postdischarge.
↵§ Defined as being on invasive ventilation on day 2 onward but not on day 1.
↵¶ Defined as being on oxygen on day 2 and no oxygen therapy on day 1.
↵** Patients who were transferred to other facility or received palliative care before day 28 and patients who were readmitted and coded as oxygen at day 29 were considered as missing.
↵†† Defined as acute liver function, as clinically determined, or ALT at day 5 > twice ALT at day 1.
↵‡‡ Defined as dialysis for those who were not on dialysis at baseline. Sixteen patients were on dialysis on day 1 and were excluded from the denominator, n = 1265: 625 remdesivir and 640 control.