Clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 compared with patients with influenza before and after multivariable adjustment*
| Outcome | Unadjusted effect† (95% CI) | Adjusted effect† (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Death | 3.24 (2.40–4.38) | 3.46 (2.56–4.68) |
| ICU use | 1.47 (1.22–1.76) | 1.50 (1.25–1.80) |
| 30-day readmission | 0.97 (0.69–1.35) | 0.98 (0.70–1.39) |
| Hospital length-of-stay | 1.31 (1.09–1.58) | 1.45 (1.25–1.69) |
| ICU length-of-stay | 0.93 (0.57–1.52) | 1.25 (0.92–1.70) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, ICU = intensive care unit.
↵* Models were adjusted for patient age, sex, long-term care residence, Charlson comorbidity index score, admitting hospital, neighbourhood income quintile and neighbourhood quintile of proportion of the population who identify as a visible minority. Outcomes reported are: in-hospital death, admission to ICU at any point during hospitalization, readmission to a medical service or medical–surgical ICU at any participating hospital within 30 days of discharge, hospital length-of-stay and ICU length-of-stay.
↵† Poisson regression models were fit for death, ICU, and readmission (effect = relative risk) and negative binomial regression models were fit for hospital and ICU length-of-stay (effect = rate ratio).