Association between maternal prepregnancy surgery and risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome in infants
| Maternal characteristics | No. of infants | No. of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome | Prevalence per 10 000 (95% CI) | Risk ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted* | ||||
| Surgery | |||||
| Yes | 705 966 | 1052 | 14.9 (14.0–15.8) | 1.69 (1.55–1.84) | 1.63 (1.49–1.78) |
| No | 1 476 399 | 1294 | 8.8 (8.3–9.2) | Referent | Referent |
| Total no. of hospital admissions for surgery | |||||
| 0 | 1 476 399 | 1294 | 8.8 (8.3–9.2) | Referent | Referent |
| 1 | 460 060 | 549 | 11.9 (10.9–12.9) | 1.36 (1.22–1.51) | 1.34 (1.21–1.49) |
| 2 | 155 781 | 252 | 16.2 (14.2–18.2) | 1.82 (1.58–2.10) | 1.77 (1.53–2.05) |
| ≥ 3 | 90 125 | 251 | 27.9 (24.4–31.3) | 3.19 (2.77–3.68) | 2.98 (2.58–3.45) |
| Total no. of surgeries | |||||
| 0 | 1 476 399 | 1294 | 8.8 (8.3–9.2) | Referent | Referent |
| 1 | 333 594 | 375 | 11.2 (10.1–12.4) | 1.28 (1.14–1.44) | 1.27 (1.13–1.44) |
| 2 | 164 901 | 235 | 14.3 (12.4–16.1) | 1.57 (1.35–1.82) | 1.54 (1.33–1.79) |
| ≥ 3 | 207 471 | 442 | 21.3 (19.3–23.3) | 2.44 (2.18–2.74) | 2.34 (2.07–2.63) |
| Type of anesthesia used for surgery | |||||
| General | 598 764 | 920 | 15.4 (14.4–16.4) | 1.75 (1.60–1.91) | 1.69 (1.54–1.85) |
| Local or regional only | 107 202 | 132 | 12.3 (10.2–14.4) | 1.35 (1.12–1.64) | 1.32 (1.09–1.60) |
| No surgery | 1 476 399 | 1294 | 8.8 (8.3–9.2) | Referent | Referent |
Note: CI = confidence interval.
↵* Adjusted for maternal pain comorbidity, mental illness, age at delivery, parity, socioeconomic deprivation, place of residence and time period at birth.