Box 1: Postexposure management to prevent rabies after a bite or contact with animal saliva4
Source of exposureRecommendation
Pet cat, dog or ferret, available for observation for 10 days
  • Local treatment of wound

  • Tetanus booster, if needed

  • Hold animal for observation

  • At first sign of rabies: rabies immunoglobulin (local and intramuscular) and first dose rabies vaccine

Unknown or escaped cat, dog or ferret, or a skunk, bat, fox, coyote, raccoon or other carnivore
  • Local treatment of wound

  • Tetanus booster, if needed

  • Rabies immunoglobulin (local and intramuscular)

  • First dose rabies vaccine (Imovax or RabAvert)

  • Do not continue with subsequent vaccine doses if testing excludes rabies in animal

Livestock, rodent or rabbit
  • Local treatment of wound

  • Tetanus booster, if needed

  • Consider individually and consult appropriate public health officials; postexposure prophylaxis may be recommended if the behaviour of the biting animal was unusual