Table 3:

Utilization of pain interventions, by intervention group and follow-up group

Characteristic	No. (%) of participants
Characteristic	Control group	Pain pamphlet group	Pain pamphlet and pain video group	Omnibus test, p value^*
Infant vaccination at 2 mo
Used any intervention^†	169 (55.8)^a,^b n = 303	199 (64.4)^a n = 309	198 (64.9)^b n = 305	0.03
Infant vaccination at 4 mo
Used any intervention^†	150 (53.6)^a,^b n = 280	189 (63.2)^a n = 299	190 (65.7)^b n = 289	0.007
Infant vaccination at 6 mo
Used any intervention^†	118 (49.6) n = 238	150 (56.0) n = 268	143 (57.4) n = 249	0.2

↵* Omnibus test (χ²) p value for comparisons among the 3 treatment groups. Post hoc pairwise comparisons with p values < 0.05 are denoted by the following symbols: a = control group v. pain pamphlet, b = control group v. pain pamphlet and pain video and c = pain pamphlet v. pain pamphlet and pain video.
↵† Interventions included breastfeeding, sucrose solution and topical anesthetic.