Baseline characteristics of study participants assigned to ultrasound imaging, near-infrared imaging or the standard approach to peripheral intravenous catheterization
| Characteristic | Ultrasound imaging n = 137 | Near-infrared vascular imaging n = 135 | Standard approach n = 146 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | |||
| Mean ± SD | 7.81 ± 5.71 | 7.20 ± 5.75 | 6.76 ± 5.41 |
| Median (range) | 7.00 (0.07 to 16.90) | 6.27 (0.02 to 16.98) | 5.95 (0.00 to 16.74) |
| Male sex, % (n/N) | 54.0 (74/137) | 47.4 (64/135) | 57.9 (84/145) |
| Weight, kg | n = 121 | n = 124 | n = 121 |
| Mean ± SD | 29.1 ± 20.9 | 30.6 ± 24.7 | 26.6 ± 19.0 |
| Median (range) | 22.6 (3.0 to 83.7) | 21.3 (2.9 to 93.0) | 21.0 (3.0 to 71.2) |
| BMI | n = 103 | n = 109 | n = 100 |
| Mean ± SD | 17.7 ± 4.1 | 18.5 ± 5.3 | 18.2 ± 4.4 |
| Median (range) | 17.1 (10.0 to 30.9) | 16.5 (11.6 to 33.6) | 17.2 (10.0 to 31.9) |
| CTAS score (out of 5) | n = 137 | n = 135 | n = 143 |
| Mean ± SD | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.7 |
| Median (range) | 3 (2 to 5) | 3 (2 to 5) | 3 (1 to 5) |
| Mode | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Topical anesthetic cream applied, % (n/N) | 48 (66/137) | 54 (73/135) | 53 (78/146) |
Note: BMI = body mass index, CTAS = Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale, SD = standard deviation.