Proportion of patients with successful catheter placement on first attempt
| Variable | Ultrasound imaging | Near-infrared imaging | Standard approach | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (≤ 16 yr) | n = 137 | n = 135 | n = 146 | |
| Success on first attempt | ||||
| No. | 97 | 89 | 109 | |
| % (95% CI) | 70.8 (62.7 to 77.8) | 65.9 (57.6 to 73.4) | 74.7 (67.0 to 81.0) | 0.3 |
| Difference in proportion,† % (95% CI) | −3.9 (−14.2 to 6.5) | −8.7 (−19.4 to 1.9) | – | |
| Relative risk† (95% CI) | 0.95 (0.82 to 1.09) | 0.88 (0.76 to 1.03) | – | |
| Age ≤ 3 yr | n = 42 | n = 43 | n = 50 | |
| Success on first attempts | ||||
| No. | 22 | 18 | 31 | |
| % (95% CI) | 52.4 (37.7 to 66.6) | 41.9 (28.4 to 56.7) | 62.0 (48.2 to 74.1) | 0.2 |
| Difference in proportion,† % (95% CI) | −9.6 (−29.8 to 10.6) | −20.1 (−40.1 to −0.2) | – | |
| Relative risk† (95% CI) | 0.84 (0.59 to 1.21) | 0.68 (0.45 to 1.02) | – | |
| Age > 3 yr | n = 95 | n = 92 | n = 96 | |
| Success on first attempt | ||||
| No. | 75 | 71 | 78 | |
| % (95% CI) | 78.9 (69.7 to 85.9) | 77.2 (67.6 to 84.6) | 81.2 (72.3 to 87.8) | 0.8 |
| Difference in proportion,† % (95% CI) | −2.3 (−13.6 to 9.0) | −4.1 (−15.7 to 7.5) | – | |
| Relative risk† (95% CI) | 0.97 (0.84 to 1.12) | 0.95 (0.82 to 1.10) | – | |