Baseline characteristics of participants by First Nations status
| Participants, %* | ||
|---|---|---|
| Non–First Nations n = 1 768 155 | First Nations n = 48 669 | |
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 47.3 (24.3) | 39.3 (21.1) |
| Female sex | 55.6 | 59.6 |
| Comorbidity | ||
| Diabetes | 7.1 | 12.4 |
| Hypertension | 23.4 | 16.3 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2.3 | 2.0 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.4 | 0.9 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2.4 | 2.2 |
| Cancer | 4.0 | 2.6 |
| COPD | 13.5 | 23.3 |
| Dementia | 1.2 | 0.7 |
| Metastatic solid tumour | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Myocardial infarction | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| Mild liver disease | 0.9 | 2.2 |
| Moderate to severe liver disease | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Paralysis | 0.4 | 0.7 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 2.0 | 4.9 |
| Rheumatic disease | 1.2 | 2.5 |
| Visit to a specialist in previous year | 9.8 | 7.3 |
| Location of residence | ||
| Rural | 18.0 | 49.0 |
| Urban | 80.6 | 50.4 |
| Unknown | 1.4 | 0.6 |
| Income quintile | ||
| 1 (lowest) | 17.1 | 43.0 |
| 2 | 18.0 | 14.6 |
| 3 | 18.3 | 10.7 |
| 4 | 20.4 | 9.0 |
| 5 (highest) | 20.5 | 9.8 |
| Unknown | 5.7 | 13.1 |
| Albuminuria | ||
| Normal | 56.4 | 38.7 |
| Mild | 4.4 | 6.3 |
| Heavy | 0.8 | 1.3 |
| Not measured | 38.5 | 53.8 |
| Estimated GFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | ||
| ≥ 90.0 | 54.2 | 77.0 |
| 60.0–89.9 | 38.5 | 20.1 |
| 45.0–59.9 | 5.0 | 1.9 |
| 30.0–44.9 | 1.8 | 0.6 |
| 15.0–29.9 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
Note: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, GFR = glomerular filtration rate.
↵* Unless otherwise indicated.