Outcomes of newborns of women in the South Community Birth Program and of matched controls receiving standard care
| Outcome | Group; no. (%) of newborns* | RR (95% CI)* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth program n = 1238 | Standard care n = 1238 | ||
| Stillbirth | 2 (0.2) | 6 (0.5) | 0.50 (0.15–1.66) |
| Death before discharge | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 1.00 (0.25–4.01) |
| Apgar score < 7 at 1 min | 131 (10.6) | 113 (9.1) | 1.08 (0.91–1.23) |
| Apgar score < 7 at 5 min | 18 (1.5) | 19 (1.5) | 0.97 (0.70–1.36) |
| Gestational age < 37 wk | 64 (5.2) | 86 (6.9) | 0.84 (0.70–1.02) |
| Gestational age at birth, wk, mean ± SD | 39.2 ± 1.7 | 38.8 ± 1.9 | < 0.001† |
| Birth weight, g, mean ± SD | 3395.3 ± 538.2 | 3315.9 ± 552.7 | < 0.001† |
| Small for gestational age | 66 (5.3) | 52 (4.2) | 1.13 (0.95–1.33) |
| Large for gestational age | 174 (14.1) | 140 (11.3) | 1.13 (1.01–1.63) |
| Length of hospital stay, h, mean ± SD | 47.5 ± 92.6 | 70.6 ± 126.7 | < 0.001† |
| Readmission < 28 d | 35 (2.8) | 22 (1.8) | 1.24 (1.00–1.52) |
| Reason for readmission | n = 35 | n = 22 | |
| Jaundice | 31 (88.6) | 21 (95.5) | 1.12 (0.96–1.50) |
| Congenital anomaly | 2 (5.7) | 0 | |
| Dehydration | 0 | 1 (4.5) | |
| Apnea | 2 (5.7) | 0 | |
| Admitted to NICU for > 24 h | 21 (1.7) | 27 (2.2) | 0.87 (0.63–1.20) |
| Feeding at discharge | n = 1234 | n = 1230 | |
| Breast milk only | 1057 (85.7) | 764 (62.1) | 2.10 (1.85–2.39) |
| Formula | 9 (0.7) | 26 (2.1) | 0.51 (0.29–0.90) |
| Breast milk and formula | 163 (13.2) | 439 (35.7) | 0.47 (0.41–0.54) |
| Unknown | 5 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | |