Odds of urinary tract infection by circumcision status and by degree of visibility of the urethral meatus
| Variable | Participants, no. | Positive urine culture, no. (%) | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted* | |||
| Uncircumcised boys | 309 | 76 (25.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Circumcised boys | 84 | 4 (4.8) | 0.15 (0.05–0.43) | 0.12 (0.06–0.45) |
| Uncircumcised boys | ||||
| Completely visible urethral meatus (reference) | 40 | 12 (30.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Partially or nonvisible urethral meatus | 269 | 64 (23.8) | 0.73 (0.35–1.52) | 0.41 (0.17–0.95) |
| Circumcised boys | 84 | 4 (4.8) | 0.12 (0.04–0.39) | 0.07 (0.02–0.26) |
| Age, mo | ||||
| < 3 (reference) | 173 | 30 (17.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥ 3 to < 12 | 132 | 45 (34.1) | 2.47 (1.45–4.20) | 2.71 (1.53–4.80) |
| ≥ 12 | 88 | 5 (5.7) | 0.29 (0.11–0.77) | 0.27 (0.09–0.77) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio.
↵* Adjusted for age.