Change in infant birth weight in relation to maternal and fetal factors*
| Variable | Change in infant birth weight, g (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted† | |
| Length of gestation, wk | 166.65 (129.99 to 203.32) | 164.85 (127.50 to 202.22) |
| Male infant | 115.76 (26.97 to 204.54) | 139.33 (55.55 to 223.11) |
| Age, yr | 2.24 (−8.60 to 13.08) | −0.26 (−10.49 to 9.97) |
| Ethnicity (v. white) | ||
| Asian | −102.78 (−236.45 to 30.89) | −28.48 (−169.09 to 112.13) |
| South Asian | −322.67 (−523.73 to −121.62) | −165.12 (−375.24 to 44.99) |
| Family history of diabetes | 27.66 (−61.96 to 117.28) | 15.31 (−69.47 to 100.09) |
| Smoking status (v. never smoked) | ||
| Former | 52.64 (−44.17 to 149.46) | 45.84 (−44.90 to 136.58) |
| Current | −79.35 (−375.10 to 216.40) | −187.36 (−464.34 to 89.62) |
| BMI before pregnancy, kg/m2 | 15.22 (5.66 to 24.78) | 22.45 (9.66 to 35.25) |
| Weight gain during pregnancy up to | ||
| oral glucose tolerance test, kg | 9.49 (1.11 to 17.87) | 19.15 (9.93 to 28.37) |
| Impaired glucose tolerance in pregnancy (v. normal glucose tolerance) | 100.29 (−7.01 to 207.59) | 120.37 (19.90 to 220.84) |
| Fasting insulin, pmol/L | 0.63 (−0.06 to 1.32) | 0.16 (−0.53 to 0.85) |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | −15.22 (−55.49 to 25.05) | −6.79 (−46.98 to 33.39) |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | −120.54 (−244.42 to 3.35) | −57.16 (−189.42 to 75.09) |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 61.11 (−1.18 to 123.40) | −1.59 (−70.67 to 67.49) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | −3.68 (−10.98 to 3.63) | −7.67 (−14.88 to −0.47) |
| Adiponectin, μg/mL | −21.53 (−37.67 to −5.38) | −19.35 (−36.62 to −2.07) |
| Leptin, per ng/mL | −0.81 (−2.79 to 1.16) | −3.92 (−6.23 to −1.60) |
Note: BMI = body mass index, CI = confidence interval, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, LDL = low-density lipoprotein.
↵* Change in infant birth weight per unit change in indicated variable. For example, infant birth weight increased by 164.85 g per additional week of gestation after adjustment for the other variables.
↵† Adjusted for all other variables listed.