RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Complicated and fatal Strongyloides infection in Canadians: risk factors, diagnosis and management JF Canadian Medical Association Journal JO CMAJ FD Canadian Medical Association SP 479 OP 484 DO 10.1503/cmaj.1031698 VO 171 IS 5 A1 Sue Lim A1 Kevin Katz A1 Sigmund Krajden A1 Milan Fuksa A1 Jay S. Keystone A1 Kevin C. Kain YR 2004 UL http://www.cmaj.ca/content/171/5/479.abstract AB STRONGYLOIDIASIS, WHICH IS CAUSED by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis, is a common and persistent infection, particularly in developing countries. In the setting of compromised cellular immunity, it can result in fulminant dissemination with case-fatality rates of over 70%. The majority of new Canadian immigrants come from countries where Strongyloides is highly endemic; therefore, the burden of Strongyloides may be underappreciated in Canada. Because early diagnosis and therapy can have a marked impact on disease outcome, screening for this infection should be considered mandatory for patients who have a history of travel or residence in a disease-endemic area and risk factors for disseminated disease (e.g., corticosteroid use and human T-lymphotropic virus type I infection).