High-risk patients who received endoscopic therapy | 67.8 (152/177) | 83.3 (155/186) | 94.7 (143/151) | 86.1 (124/144) | 0.09 | 0.05 |
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Index endoscopy within 24 h | 62.8 (252/401) | 65.6 (278/424) | 57.5 (207/360) | 63.1 (245/388) | 0.3 | 0.1 |
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Time to index endoscopy, h, mean ± SD† | 38.0 ± 69.8 n = 401 | 28.1 ± 40.1 n = 424 | 33.5 ±51.6 n = 361 | 28.2 ± 37.2 n = 388 | 0.8 | 0.6 |
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Targeted irrigation of adherent clot performed | 68.8 (33/48) | 54.4 (25/46) | 73.8 (31/42) | 70.3 (26/37) | 0.8 | – |
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Endoscopic treatment performed | 44.0 (177/402) | 40.1 (170/424) | 42.9 (155/361) | 38.8 (151/389) | 0.5 | 0.9 |
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Injection | 37.3 (150/402) | 31.4 (133/424) | 36.0 (130/361) | 29.3 (114/389) | 0.2 | 0.9 |
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Epinephrine/saline alone | 30.4 (122/402) | 30.4 (129/424) | 28.5 (103/361) | 27.0 (105/389) | 0.8 | 0.9 |
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Other | 7.0 (28/402) | 0.9 (4/424) | 7.5 (27/361) | 2.3 (9/389) | 0.2 | – |
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Thermal | 18.4 (74/402) | 21.9 (93/424) | 19.4 (70/361) | 17.7 (69/389) | 0.7 | 0.4 |
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Clips | 16.9 (68/402) | 9.7 (41/424) | 14.4 (52/361) | 13.6 (53/389) | 0.8 | 0.3 |
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Other (ligation) | 0.0 (0/402) | 0.7 (3/424) | 1.1 (4/361) | 0.3 (1/389) | 0.1 | – |
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Pre initial endoscopy, total daily dose of PPI, mg, mean ± SD |
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Oral | 66.4 ± 46.4 n = 45 | 68.3 ± 69.4 n = 48 | 80.0 ± 46.4 n = 37 | 68.6 ± 49.5 n = 49 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
|
Intravenous bolus | 80.0 ± 24.3 n = 277 | 81.4 ± 25.8 n = 288 | 81.4 ± 23.1 n = 254 | 81.5 ± 21.5 n = 288 | 0.95 | 0.9 |
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Intravenous constant infusion | 145.0 ± 150.1 n = 273 | 124.1 ± 129.3 n = 289 | 124.2 ± 126.6 n = 254 | 120.1 ± 113.8 n = 288 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
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Post initial endoscopy, total daily dose of PPI, mg, mean ± SD |
|
Oral | 91.7 ± 64.1 n = 196 | 98.8 ± 77.7 n = 246 | 116.8 ± 74.9 n = 206 | 116.1 ± 69.0 n = 181 | 0.95 | 0.3 |
|
Intravenous bolus | 102.1 ± 53.6 n = 76 | 97.4 ± 68.6 n = 62 | 104.5 ± 80.8 n = 62 | 100.4 ± 57.3 n = 51 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
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Intravenous constant infusion | 380.4 ± 245.9 n = 285 | 380.5 ±233.3 n = 306 | 430.7 ± 258.8 n = 252 | 402.6 ± 264.5 n = 288 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
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Intensive care unit admission | 15.7 (63/402) | 14.9 (63/424) | 15.5 (56/361) | 13.1 (51/389) | 0.6 | 0.5 |
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Intensive care unit duration of stay, d, mean ± SD† | 6.0 ± 8.1 n = 63 | 4.4 ± 5.0 n = 63 | 4.7 ± 3.7 n = 56 | 6.5 ± 8.4 n = 51 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
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Re-bleeding, need for surgery or angiography to stop bleeding | 9.2 (37/402) | 9.0 (38/424) | 11.9 (43/361) | 8.2 (32/389) | 0.1 | – |
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Re-bleeding | 8.0 (32/402) | 8.0 (34/424) | 11.1 (40/361) | 7.2 (28/389) | 0.1 | – |
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Need for surgery to stop bleeding | 2.5 (10/402) | 1.7 (7/424) | 1.9 (7/361) | 2.1 (8/389) | 0.9 | – |
|
Need for angiographic procedure to stop bleeding | 2.5 (7/280) | 2.0 (6/300) | 2.8 (10/361) | 2.1 (8/389) | 0.5 | – |
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Deaths | 6.0 (24/402) | 6.4 (27/424) | 6.4 (23/361) | 5.7 (22/389) | 0.7 | – |
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Bleeding-related death | 1.5 (6/402) | 0.7 (3/424) | 2.2 (8/361) | 2.3 (9/389) | 0.9 | – |
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Length of stay, d, mean ± SD§ | 10.6 ± 15.4 n = 362 | 9.6 ± 15.7 n = 381 | 9.1 ± 10.1 n = 331 | 9.4 ± 12.1 n = 351 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
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Hospital stay less than 3 d¶ | 20.0 (77/386) | 26.7 (109/408) | 20.1 (71/354) | 22.3 (83/373) | 0.7 | 0.9 |
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High-risk patients with hospital stay less than 3 d | 6.9 (12/174) | 14.6 (27/185) | 8.5 (13/153) | 11.8 (17/144) | 0.4 | 0.2 |