Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- Figure 1:
Computed tomography scan (with contrast) of the chest of a 47-year-old woman with hypersensitivity pneumonitis at the time of hospital admission, showing diffuse, centrilobular ground glass opacities bilaterally.
- Figure 2:
High-resolution computed tomography scan of the chest of a 47-year-old woman with hypersensitivity pneumonitis after treatment and avoidance of the antigen, showing complete resolution of centrilobular ground glass opacities.
- Figure 3:
Classification of select types of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Note: IIP = idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Adapted from Cottin and colleagues2 and published with permission from the European Respiratory Society.
Tables
- Table 1:
Select list of important agents known to cause occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis*
Type Agent Exposure examples Bacteria Thermophilic actinomycetes Farmers, bagasse workers, mushroom workers, potato riddlers, compost workers, ventilation systems Lichtheimia corymbifera Farmers Acinetobacter, Ochrobactrum Metal working fluids Streptomyces albus Compost workers Klebsiella oxytoca Humidifiers Bacillus subtilis enzymes Detergent industry Mycobacterium avium complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria Spa workers Mycobacterium immunogenum Metal working fluids, machine operators Fungi Alternaria alternata Humidifiers, wood workers Aspergillus spp. Stucco workers, tobacco growers, malt workers Trichosporon cutaneum Seasonal mold contamination in homes Penicillium species Cork workers, cheese workers, food processors, peat moss processors Cryptostroma corticale Maple bark strippers, florists Botrytis cinerea Wine makers Mucor stolonifer Paprika slicers Rhodotorula Humidifiers Various mushrooms (Shiitaki, Bunashimeji, Pleurotus, Pholiota, Shimeji, Agaricus) Mushroom workers Enzymes Phytase, subtilisin Animal feeding, cleaners Animal & insect proteins Avian serum and feather proteins Bird breeders Rat serum proteins Laboratory workers Pearl Pearl industry Mollusk shell Nacre industry Silk Textile workers Carmine Food and cosmetic industry Sitophilus granarius Farmers Plant proteins Tiger nuts, legumes (e.g., soy), malt Food processors Alginate Seaweed workers Woods (ramin, pine) Wood workers Esparto dust Stucco workers Low-molecular-weight chemicals Di-isocyanates Chemical and polyurethane industry, painters Acid anhydrides Plastic workers, aircraft industry Acrylate compounds Dental technicians Triglycidyl isocyanurate Painters (powder paint) Pharmaceutical agents (penicillins, cephalosporins) Pharmaceutical industry Dimethyl phthalate and styrene Yacht manufacturing Metals Cobalt Hard-metal workers Zinc Smelters Zirconium Ceramic workers ↵* Adapted from Quirce and colleagues6 and published with permission from John Wiley and Sons.
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