Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- Figure 1:
Flow chart for the selection of studies.
- Figure 2:
Forest plots of summary crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and preeclampsia. (A) Association between COVID-19 and preeclampsia (patients with COVID-19 versus patients without COVID-19). (B) Association between severe COVID-19 and preeclampsia (patients with severe versus mild COVID-19).
- Figure 3:
Forest plots of summary crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and preterm birth. (A) Association between COVID-19 and preterm birth (patients with COVID-19 versus no COVID-19). (B) Association between symptomatic COVID-19 and preterm birth (patients with symptomatic versus asymptomatic COVID-19). (C) Association between severe COVID-19 and preterm birth (patients with severe versus mild COVID-19).
- Figure 4:
Forest plots of summary crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and stillbirth.
Tables
Outcome No. of studies No. of participants No. of events Mean difference (95% CI) OR (95% CI) Heterogeneity, % Patients with COVID-19 versus those without COVID-19 Preeclampsia 13 424 344 28 326 1.33 (1.03 to 1.73) 31 Gestational diabetes 13 425 890 40 567 1.03 (0.76 to 1.39) 54 Fetal distress 3 874 47 1.50 (0.64 to 3.53) 8 Stillbirth 6 413 122 1366 2.11 (1.14 to 3.90) 24 Chorioamnionitis or intra-amniotic infection 5 4368 433 0.85 (0.57 to 1.26) 0 Admission to the ICU 5 409 737 2012 4.78 (2.03 to 11.25) 76 Cesarean delivery 22 429 366 121 650 1.00 (0.82 to 1.23) 78 Postpartum hemorrhage 5 2981 355 0.89 (0.52 to 1.53) 55 Preterm birth 18 425 357 25 071 1.82 (1.38 to 2.39) 64 Neonatal sex, male 5 11 985 6369 0.97 (0.71 to 1.33) 9 Gestational age at birth, wk 13 4197 −0.24 (−0.49 to 0.00) 61 Birth weight, g 13 2973 −68.96 (−130.22 to −7.69) 29 Low birth weight 2 1054 678 2.32 (0.26 to 21.07) 85 Admission to the NICU 10 5675 785 3.69 (1.39 to 9.82) 94 Neonatal death 5 2838 1.10 (0.41 to 2.95) 0 Patients with symptomatic versus asymptomatic COVID-19 Gestational hypertension or preeclampsia 8 4122 333 1.20 (0.92 to 1.56) 1 Gestational diabetes 5 3767 256 1.12 (0.82 to 1.55) 0 Mechanical ventilation 3 1023 62 16.29 (3.88 to 68.47) 0 Admission to the ICU 4 1178 97 7.40 (0.48 to 114.24) 76 Cesarean delivery 9 4232 1406 1.57 (1.32 to 1.85) 1 Preterm birth 9 4233 582 2.29 (1.49 to 3.53) 57 Admission to the NICU 4 2365 248 3.47 (0.38 to 31.49) 88 Neonatal death 4 938 11 3.67 (0.88 to 15.29) 0 Patients with severe versus mild COVID-19 Preeclampsia 5 521 40 4.16 (1.55 to 11.15) 0 Gestational diabetes 5 1140 105 1.99 (1.09 to 3.64) 14 Abnormal liver function 4 350 116 6.47 (2.60 to 16.09) 50 Lymphopenia 4 561 221 3.04 (1.93 to 4.79) 0 Admission to the ICU 5 757 70 15.46 (5.79 to 41.23) 0 Mechanical ventilation 5 962 97 19.31 (9.38 to 39.72) 0 Cesarean delivery 8 1138 452 2.58 (1.64 to 4.06) 43 Preterm birth 10 1393 277 4.29 (2.41 to 7.63) 61 Gestational age at birth, wk 8 709 −3.50 (−5.96 to −1.03) 91 Low birth weight 2 400 74 1.89 (1.14 to 3.12) 0 Admission to the NICU 5 729 160 3.95 (1.43 to 10.95) 79 Neonatal death 3 827 12 33.71 (5.18 to 219.44) 0 Note: CI = confidence interval, COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, ICU = intensive care unit, NICU = neonatal intensive care unit, OR = odds ratio.
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