Research
Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in COVID-19 based on evidence for COVID-19, other coronavirus infections, influenza, community-acquired pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhikang Ye, Ying Wang, Luis Enrique Colunga-Lozano, Manya Prasad, Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan, Bram Rochwerg, Liang Yao, Shahrzad Motaghi, Rachel J. Couban, Maryam Ghadimi, Malgorzata M. Bala, Huda Gomaa, Fang Fang, Yingqi Xiao and Gordon H. Guyatt
CMAJ July 06, 2020 192 (27) E756-E767; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.200645
Zhikang Ye
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Ying Wang
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Luis Enrique Colunga-Lozano
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Manya Prasad
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Bram Rochwerg
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Liang Yao
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Shahrzad Motaghi
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Rachel J. Couban
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Maryam Ghadimi
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Malgorzata M. Bala
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Huda Gomaa
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Fang Fang
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Yingqi Xiao
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
Gordon H. Guyatt
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (Ye, Tangamornsuksan, Rochwerg, Guyatt, Colunga-Lozano, Yao, Motaghi, Fang, Xiao), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pharmacy (Wang), Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Medicine (Colunga-Lozano), Health Science Center, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Department of Community Medicine (Prasad), North DMC Medical College, New Delhi, India; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health (Tangamornsuksan), HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine (Rochwerg); DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care (Couban), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Ghadimi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Jagiellonian (Bala), University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Biostatistics Department (Gomaa), High institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Drug Information Center (Gomaa), Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt; Clinical Medicine College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation (Fang), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China; West China School of Nursing (Xiao), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
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Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in COVID-19 based on evidence for COVID-19, other coronavirus infections, influenza, community-acquired pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhikang Ye, Ying Wang, Luis Enrique Colunga-Lozano, Manya Prasad, Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan, Bram Rochwerg, Liang Yao, Shahrzad Motaghi, Rachel J. Couban, Maryam Ghadimi, Malgorzata M. Bala, Huda Gomaa, Fang Fang, Yingqi Xiao, Gordon H. Guyatt
CMAJ Jul 2020, 192 (27) E756-E767; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.200645
Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in COVID-19 based on evidence for COVID-19, other coronavirus infections, influenza, community-acquired pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhikang Ye, Ying Wang, Luis Enrique Colunga-Lozano, Manya Prasad, Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan, Bram Rochwerg, Liang Yao, Shahrzad Motaghi, Rachel J. Couban, Maryam Ghadimi, Malgorzata M. Bala, Huda Gomaa, Fang Fang, Yingqi Xiao, Gordon H. Guyatt
CMAJ Jul 2020, 192 (27) E756-E767; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.200645
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