Secure care: more harm than good
================================


*CMAJ* has been made aware of an error that occurred in the Oct. 15, 2018, issue.1

In the fourth paragraph of the article, reference citations were omitted from the following sentences:

> In a systematic review of studies on court-mandated treatment, authors found that forced treatment did not improve outcomes for substance use. Instead, findings showed higher levels of mental duress, homelessness, relapse and overdose among adults after discharge from mandated treatment.5 [Reference 5 in the article: Klag S, O’Callaghan F, Creed P. The use of legal coercion in the treatment of substance abusers: an overview and critical analysis of thirty years of research. *Subst Use Misuse* 2005;40:1777–95.]

The sentences should have been written as follows:

> In a systematic review of studies on court-mandated treatment, authors found that forced treatment did not improve outcomes for substance use.2 Instead, research shows higher levels of mental duress associated with compulsory admission to treatment;3 persistent homelessness associated with community treatment orders;4 higher rates of relapse associated with compulsory admission to treatment;5 and increased risk of overdose among adults after discharge from mandated treatment.6

## Footnotes

*   The authors regret the error.

## References

1.  Pilarinos A, Kendall P, Fast D, et al. Secure care: more harm than good. CMAJ 2018;190:E1219–20.
    
    [FREE Full Text](http://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiRlVMTCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiY21haiI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czoxMjoiMTkwLzQxL0UxMjE5IjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MjE6Ii9jbWFqLzE5MS80L0UxMTAuYXRvbSI7fXM6ODoiZnJhZ21lbnQiO3M6MDoiIjt9) 

2.  Werb D, Kamarulzaman A, Meacham MC, et al. The effectiveness of compulsory drug treatment: a systematic review. Int J Drug Policy 2016; 28:1–9.
    
    [CrossRef](http://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.12.005&link_type=DOI) 
    
    [PubMed](http://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/external-ref?access_num=26790691&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fcmaj%2F191%2F4%2FE110.atom) 

3.  Pasareanu AR, Vederhus JK, Opsal A, et al. Mental distress following inpatient substance use treatment, modified by substance use; comparing voluntary and compulsory admissions. BMC Health Serv Res 2017;17:5.
    
    

4.  Rugkåsa J, Molodynski A, Yeeles K, et al. OCTET Group. Community treatment orders: clinical and social outcomes, and a subgroup analysis from the OCTET RCT. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2015; 131:321–9.
    
    [CrossRef](http://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1111/acps.12373&link_type=DOI) 
    
    [PubMed](http://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/external-ref?access_num=25495209&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fcmaj%2F191%2F4%2FE110.atom) 

5.  Pasareanu AR, Vederhus JK, Opsal A, et al. Improved drug-use patterns at 6 months post-discharge from inpatient substance use disorder treatment: results from compulsorily and voluntarily admitted patients. BMC Health Serv Res 2016;16:291.
    
    

6.  Rafful C, Orozco R, Rangel G, et al. Increased nonfatal overdose risk associated with involuntary drug treatment in a longitudinal study with people who inject drugs. Addiction 2018;113: 1056–63.