Association between complications and death within 30 days after noncardiac surgery

Departments of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Spence, Duceppe, Walsh, Guyatt, Belley-Côté, Yang, Heels-Ansdell, Schünemann, Pettit, Yusuf, Devereaux); Anesthesia (Spence, LeManach); Medicine (Walsh, Kessler Borges, A. Patel, Tiboni, Belley-Côté, Schünemann, Yusuf, Devereaux); and School of Nursing (McGillion), McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute (Spence, LeManach, Walsh, Kessler Borges, Belley-Côté, Yang, McGillion, Pettit, Yusuf, Devereaux), Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Chan), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Anesthesia (Wang), University of Malaya, Kuala Lampur, Malaysia; Narayana Health (Sigamani), Bangalore, India; Department of Pharmacology (Sigamani, Xavier, Faruqui), St. John’s Research Institute, St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore, India; Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Pearse), Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (Alonso-Coello), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón and Facultad de Medicina (Garutti), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Surgery (Srinathan), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Medicine (Duceppe, Guyatt), University of Montreal, Montréal, Que.; School of Medicine (Malaga), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Surgery (Abraham), Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, India; Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa do Hospital do Coração (Berwanger), São Paulo, Brazil; Academic Research Organization — Albert Einstein Hospital (Berwanger), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Anaesthesia (Biccard), University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine (Biccard), Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; Faculty of Health Sciences (Villar), Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Departamento de Investigaciones, Fundación Cardioinfantil — Instituto de Cardiología (Villar, Cortes), Bogotá, Colombia; Department of Outcomes Research (Sessler, Kurz), Cleveland Clinic, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland, OH; Westmead Hospital and Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health (Chow), University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Medicine (Polanczyk), Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine (Szczeklik), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Anaesthesia (Ackland), University College London, London, UK; Department of Medicine (Garg), London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.; Department of Anesthesia (Jacka), University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine (Sapsford), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Royal Liverpool University Hospital Trust (Williams), Liverpool, UK; Faculté de Médecine (Coriat), Hôpital Universitaire Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Department of Anesthesia (Yang), Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Que.; Department of Medicine (Parlow), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland (M. Patel), Dublin, Ireland