Research
Psychometric findings and normative values for the CLEFT-Q based on 2434 children and young adult patients with cleft lip and/or palate from 12 countries
Anne F. Klassen, Karen WY Wong Riff, Natasha M. Longmire, Asteria Albert, Gregory C. Allen, Mustafa Asim Aydin, Stephen B. Baker, Stefan J. Cano, Andrew J. Chan, Douglas J. Courtemanche, Marieke M. Dreise, Jesse A. Goldstein, Timothy E.E. Goodacre, Karen E. Harman, Montserrat Munill, Aisling O. Mahony, Mirta Palomares Aguilera, Petra Peterson, Andrea L. Pusic, Rona Slator, Mia Stiernman, Elena Tsangaris, Sunil S. Tholpady, Federico Vargas and Christopher R. Forrest
CMAJ April 16, 2018 190 (15) E455-E462; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.170289
Anne F. Klassen
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
DPhilKaren WY Wong Riff
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD MScNatasha M. Longmire
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MScAsteria Albert
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD PhDGregory C. Allen
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDMustafa Asim Aydin
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDStephen B. Baker
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD DDSStefan J. Cano
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
PhD CPsycholAndrew J. Chan
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD BDSDouglas J. Courtemanche
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD MSMarieke M. Dreise
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
BAJesse A. Goldstein
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDTimothy E.E. Goodacre
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MB BS FRCSKaren E. Harman
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDMontserrat Munill
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD DDSAisling O. Mahony
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MA (Oral Biology) DDSMirta Palomares Aguilera
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
BScPetra Peterson
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDAndrea L. Pusic
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD MPHRona Slator
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
FRCS(Plast) DPhilMia Stiernman
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDElena Tsangaris
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
PhDSunil S. Tholpady
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD PhDFederico Vargas
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MDChristopher R. Forrest
Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
MD MScArticle Information
vol. 190 no. 15 E455-E462
PubMed
History
- Accepted November 28, 2017
- Published online April 15, 2018.
Copyright & Usage
© 2018 Joule Inc. or its licensors
Author Information
- Anne F. Klassen, DPhil,
- Karen WY Wong Riff, MD MSc,
- Natasha M. Longmire, MSc,
- Asteria Albert, MD PhD,
- Gregory C. Allen, MD,
- Mustafa Asim Aydin, MD,
- Stephen B. Baker, MD DDS,
- Stefan J. Cano, PhD CPsychol,
- Andrew J. Chan, MD BDS,
- Douglas J. Courtemanche, MD MS,
- Marieke M. Dreise, BA,
- Jesse A. Goldstein, MD,
- Timothy E.E. Goodacre, MB BS FRCS,
- Karen E. Harman, MD,
- Montserrat Munill, MD DDS,
- Aisling O. Mahony, MA (Oral Biology) DDS,
- Mirta Palomares Aguilera, BSc,
- Petra Peterson, MD,
- Andrea L. Pusic, MD MPH,
- Rona Slator, FRCS(Plast) DPhil,
- Mia Stiernman, MD,
- Elena Tsangaris, PhD,
- Sunil S. Tholpady, MD PhD,
- Federico Vargas, MD,
- Christopher R. Forrest, MD MSc
- Department of Pediatrics (Klassen), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Wong Riff), Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Pediatrics (Longmire), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Department of Pediatric Surgery (Albert), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (Allen), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo.; Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Aydin), School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta Turkey; Inova Children’s Hospital (Baker), Falls Church, Va.; Department of Plastic Surgery (Baker), MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC; Modus Outcomes (Cano), Letchworth Garden City, UK; Department of Plastic Surgery (Chan), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery (Courtemanche), University of British Columbia; BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC; Department of Plastic Surgery (Dreise), University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plastic Surgery (Goldstein), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Spires Cleft Centre (Goodacre), Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Pediatrics (Harman), McMaster University, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Hamilton, Ont.; Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Munill), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; National Maxillofacial Unit (Mahony), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Fundación Gantz, departamento de Fonoaudiología (Aguilera), El Lazo, Pudahuel, Chile; Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery (Peterson), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (Pusic), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; West Midlands Cleft Service (Slator), Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö (Stiernman), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Tsangaris), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Indiana University School of Medicine (Tholpady), R.L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Ind.; Division of Plastic Surgery Universidad el Bosque (Vargas), Fundación Operación Sonrisa Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; The Centre for Craniofacial Care and Research (Forrest), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
- Correspondence to: Anne Klassen,aklass{at}mcmaster.ca
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Psychometric findings and normative values for the CLEFT-Q based on 2434 children and young adult patients with cleft lip and/or palate from 12 countries
Anne F. Klassen, Karen WY Wong Riff, Natasha M. Longmire, Asteria Albert, Gregory C. Allen, Mustafa Asim Aydin, Stephen B. Baker, Stefan J. Cano, Andrew J. Chan, Douglas J. Courtemanche, Marieke M. Dreise, Jesse A. Goldstein, Timothy E.E. Goodacre, Karen E. Harman, Montserrat Munill, Aisling O. Mahony, Mirta Palomares Aguilera, Petra Peterson, Andrea L. Pusic, Rona Slator, Mia Stiernman, Elena Tsangaris, Sunil S. Tholpady, Federico Vargas, Christopher R. Forrest
CMAJ Apr 2018, 190 (15) E455-E462; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.170289
Psychometric findings and normative values for the CLEFT-Q based on 2434 children and young adult patients with cleft lip and/or palate from 12 countries
Anne F. Klassen, Karen WY Wong Riff, Natasha M. Longmire, Asteria Albert, Gregory C. Allen, Mustafa Asim Aydin, Stephen B. Baker, Stefan J. Cano, Andrew J. Chan, Douglas J. Courtemanche, Marieke M. Dreise, Jesse A. Goldstein, Timothy E.E. Goodacre, Karen E. Harman, Montserrat Munill, Aisling O. Mahony, Mirta Palomares Aguilera, Petra Peterson, Andrea L. Pusic, Rona Slator, Mia Stiernman, Elena Tsangaris, Sunil S. Tholpady, Federico Vargas, Christopher R. Forrest
CMAJ Apr 2018, 190 (15) E455-E462; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.170289