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Review

Cervical cancer: epidemiology, prevention and the role of human papillomavirus infection

Eduardo L. Franco, Eliane Duarte-Franco and Alex Ferenczy
CMAJ April 03, 2001 164 (7) 1017-1025;
Eduardo L. Franco
From the Departments of *Oncology, †Epidemiology and ‡Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Que.
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Eliane Duarte-Franco
From the Departments of *Oncology, †Epidemiology and ‡Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Que.
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Alex Ferenczy
From the Departments of *Oncology, †Epidemiology and ‡Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Que.
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Abstract

ORGANIZED SCREENING HAS CONTRIBUTED TO A DECLINE in cervical cancer incidence and mortality over the past 50 years. However, women in developing countries are yet to profit extensively from the benefits of screening programs, and recent trends show a resurgence of the disease in developed countries. The past 2 decades have witnessed substantial progress in our understanding of the natural history of cervical cancer and in major treatment advances. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is now recognized as the main cause of cervical cancer, the role of coexisting factors is better understood, a new cytology reporting terminology has improved diagnosis and management of precursor lesions, and specific treatment protocols have increased survival among patients with early or advanced disease. Current research has focused on the determinants of infection with oncogenic HPV types, the assessment of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines and the development of screening strategies incorporating HPV testing and other methods as adjunct to cytology. These are fundamental stepping stones for the implementation of effective public health programs aimed at the control of cervical cancer.

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CMAJ
Vol. 164, Issue 7
3 Apr 2001
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Cervical cancer: epidemiology, prevention and the role of human papillomavirus infection
Eduardo L. Franco, Eliane Duarte-Franco, Alex Ferenczy
CMAJ Apr 2001, 164 (7) 1017-1025;

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Cervical cancer: epidemiology, prevention and the role of human papillomavirus infection
Eduardo L. Franco, Eliane Duarte-Franco, Alex Ferenczy
CMAJ Apr 2001, 164 (7) 1017-1025;
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  • Diagnostic accuracy of self collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus compared to clinician collected human papillomavirus specimens: a meta-analysis
  • Human papillomavirus and HIV coinfection and the risk of neoplasias of the lower genital tract: a review of recent developments
  • The causal relation between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer
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