DOI: 10.1503/cmaj. 1031121 even if the risks to the institution are negligible and the benefits
for the study population are high. For example, one of us participated in the design of a study …

Key historical landmark research malpractice scandals that shocked the international
community (Nazi doctors' experiments, Tuskegee study, Jewish chronic disease …

Observance of acceptable ethical behaviour is compulsory for good research, particularly
when such research puts the well-being of humans at risk. Internationalization of clinical …

There has been considerable controversy in recent years about the ethics of research
sponsored by the United States and conducted in developing countries, issues addressed …

This paper describes a number of historical breaches of research ethics. Typically the
victims of such breaches belong to vulnerable populations, such as prisoners, mentally …

Introduction In the past decade, there has been a striking increase in interest in conducting
multinational clinical trials. Most of this interest has been connected directly to the AIDS …

There is international recognition of the need for sustainable research ethics committees to
provide ethical review of human subjects research in developing countries, but many …

© 2012 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors CMAJ, April 3, 2012, 184 (6) 657
government or regulatory approval of new drugs and devices is sought. Again, this differs …

Putting International Research Ethics Guidelines To Work for the Benefit of Developing
Countries Page 1 Putting International Research Ethics Guidelines To Work for the Benefit of …

Meaningful progress of medicine depends on research that must ultimately involve human
subjects. Obtaining ethical approval therefore, especially in medical sciences, should be a …