BACKGROUND: The use of physical punishment is controversial. No studies have
comprehensively examined the relationship between physical punishment and several …

We examined self-reported use of spanking as a discipline strategy in a Canadian sample of
mothers and fathers (N= 2,340) of children aged 2 to 12 years using data from the …

This study used the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study to examine the effects of
repeated exposure to harsh parenting on child externalizing behavior across the first decade …

Young children have the highest victimization rates of physical abuse in their first year of life,
making up nearly half of all child abuse–related fatalities. More effective prevention is …

Violence is a major determinant of many adverse health outcomes in Canada and
worldwide, and it is unacceptable in all forms. The evidence base on effective interventions …

Parenting is exceptionally influential during the first few years of children's lives as this stage
represents a sensitive developmental period. Quality of parenting is particularly important …

The goal of the present thesis was to investigate associations between parent–child
relationship, parenting practices and family wellbeing (parent and child) in China. The …

The purpose of this study was to explore competitive youth hockey athletes' interpretations of
punishment. Semi-structured interviews and concept maps were conducted with 12 (7 male …

Este estudo investigou a relação entre o apego do pai, o envolvimento paterno e a abertura
ao mundo, na perspectiva do pai de crianças. Participaram do estudo 171 pais de crianças …

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use, frequency, and perceived effectiveness
of exercise as punishment (EAP) in interuniversity sport. Semi-structured interviews were …