New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis integrating magnetic resonance image
assessment with clinical and other paraclinical methods were introduced in 2001. The “McDonald …

Accurate clinical course descriptions (phenotypes) of multiple sclerosis (MS) are important
for communication, prognostication, design and recruitment of clinical trials, and treatment …

Natalizumab, a highly specific α4-integrin antagonist, is approved for treatment of patients
with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). It is generally recommended for …

Background Natalizumab is the first α 4 integrin antagonist in a new class of selective
adhesion-molecule inhibitors. We report the results of a two-year phase 3 trial of natalizumab in …

Background In patients with multiple sclerosis, inflammatory brain lesions appear to arise from
autoimmune responses involving activated lymphocytes and monocytes. The glycoprotein …

Background The efficacy of natalizumab on clinical and radiological measures in the phase
III Natalizumab Safety and Efficacy in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (AFFIRM) study …

Background: Teriflunomide, a dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, has immunomodulatory
effects, including the ability to suppress experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. In this …

Objective: To determine the incidence and clinical effects of antibodies that develop during
treatment with natalizumab. Methods: In two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled …

Background: In a 2-year, placebo-controlled trial (the Natalizumab Safety and Efficacy in
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis [AFFIRM] study), involving 942 patients with relapsing …

Background: Due to a heightened risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
with increased natalizumab exposure, some physicians interrupt treatment of patients with …