THE evaluation of pain in the human fetus and neonate is difficult because pain is generally
defined as a subjective phenomenon. Early studies of neurologic development concluded …

Objective To develop evidence-based guidelines for preventing or treating neonatal pain
and its adverse consequences. Compared with older children and adults, neonates are more …

… 30 Anand KJS: Clinical importance of pain and stress in preterm neonates. Biol Neonate …
78 Fitzgerald M, Anand KJS: The developmental neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of pain; …

ContextThe cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-aged children who were born
preterm have been reported extensively. Many of these studies have methodological flaws that …

A novel coronavirus has been identified as the causative agent of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS). The viral main proteinase (M pro , also called 3CL pro ), which controls the …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of
origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate …

… From the United States, Porter and Anand 10 documented 7672 procedures performed in
144 neonates, whereas Benis and Suresh 8 reported a total of 5663 procedures performed in …

In a randomised controlled trial, preterm babies undergoing ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus
were given nitrous oxide and d-tubocurarine, with (n = 8) or without (n = 8) the addition …

Background Extreme hormonal and metabolic responses to stress are associated with
increased morbidity and mortality in sick adults. We hypothesized that administering deep opioid …

… difYerenttime framescan also be related to the present deftition (Anand and Carr 1989; Abram
1993). … may involve a reconsiderationof the definition of pain (Anand and McGrath 1993b). …