Congestion explains many of the signs and symptoms of acute heart failure (AHF) and
disease progression. However, accurate quantification of congestion is challenging in daily …

Impaired interatrial conduction or interatrial block is well documented but is not described as
an individual electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern in most of ECG books, although the term …

Atrial dysfunction has been widely considered a marker or consequence of other cardiac
conditions rather than the cause itself. Here, we propose the term atrial failure as a clinically …

Document Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator) (Netherlands), P.
Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator) (Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt), Victor …

Objective: To evaluate the utility of NT‐proBNP in the emergency diagnosis and in‐hospital
monitoring of patients with acute dyspnoea and ventricular dysfunction. Background: …

Background Chronotropic incompetence has shown to be associated with a decrease in
exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), yet β-blockers are …

Background : Neprilysin is a membrane-bound enzyme that breaks down natriuretic peptides.
The PARADIGM-HF (Prospective Comparison of ARNI With ACEI to Determine Impact on …

Background: The prognostic value of long-term potassium monitoring and dynamics in heart
failure has not been characterized completely. We sought to determine the association …

Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is a common observation in patients with post-COVID-19
syndrome (PCS) but has not yet been fully described to date. To investigate the …

Background : Long-term trajectories of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in heart failure
(HF) are incompletely characterized. Objectives : This study sought to examine LVEF …