Choosing the most valuable course of action requires knowing the outcomes associated
with the available alternatives. The striatum may be important for representing the values of …

Background: There has been increasing attention and understanding of sport-related
concussions. Recent studies show that neurocognitive testing and symptom clusters may predict …

We studied the choice behavior of 2 monkeys in a discrete‐trial task with reinforcement
contingencies similar to those Herrnstein (1961) used when he described the matching law. In …

Background: Concussions affect an estimated 136 000 high school athletes yearly. Computerized
neurocognitive testing has been shown to be appropriately sensitive and specific in …

The basal ganglia appear to have a central role in reinforcement learning. Previous experiments,
focusing on activity preceding movement execution, support the idea that dorsal striatal …

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify specific symptom and neuropsychological
test patterns that might serve as prognostic indicators of recovery in concussed high …

BACKGROUND: Many studies address diagnosing concussions, but few look at predicting
prognosis. A previous discriminant function analysis showed that symptom clusters derived …

Making appropriate choices often requires the ability to learn the value of available options
from experience. Parkinson's disease is characterized by a loss of dopamine neurons in the …

A crucial step in understanding the function of a neural circuit in visual processing is to know
what stimulus features are represented in the spiking activity of the neurons. For neurons …

Background: Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common binocular vision deficit after a
sport-related concussion (SRC). CI may result in visual discomfort and vision-mediated …