Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection endemic to more than 90 countries worldwide. As travel to endemic areas increases, dermatologists need to keep this entity in the differential for any chronic skin lesion in persons who may have had a possible exposure for any duration. It can be difficult to diagnose because manifestations are varied and sometimes subclinical. This article discusses the current state of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options. A special focus is placed on cutaneous manifestations and their treatment.
Keywords:
Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Leishmania infection; Leishmaniasis; Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Amphotericin B / therapeutic use
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Antimony Sodium Gluconate / therapeutic use
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Antiprotozoal Agents / therapeutic use
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Deoxycholic Acid / therapeutic use
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Drug Combinations
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Humans
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Incidence
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Leishmania braziliensis / genetics
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Leishmania donovani / genetics
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Leishmania mexicana / genetics
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Leishmania tropica / genetics
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Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous / diagnosis*
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Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous / drug therapy
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Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous / epidemiology
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Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous / diagnosis*
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Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous / drug therapy
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Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous / epidemiology
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Leishmaniasis, Visceral / diagnosis*
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Leishmaniasis, Visceral / drug therapy
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Leishmaniasis, Visceral / epidemiology
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Phosphorylcholine / analogs & derivatives
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Phosphorylcholine / therapeutic use
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Travel
Substances
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Antiprotozoal Agents
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Drug Combinations
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liposomal amphotericin B
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Deoxycholic Acid
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Phosphorylcholine
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miltefosine
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Amphotericin B
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amphotericin B, deoxycholate drug combination
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Antimony Sodium Gluconate