We reviewed the literature concerning the use of telemedicine interventions in diabetes care. The PubMed database was searched for randomized controlled trials concerning the use of telemedicine for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. A total of 27 articles (studies) met the inclusion criteria. The interventions concerned videoconferencing (n = 8), mobile phones (n = 10) and telephone calls (n = 9). There was metabolic improvement in 23 studies, which was significant in 12 out of 23 (44%). Only two studies (8%) reported a negative clinical outcome. The majority of the studies (n = 19; 70%) employed behavioural therapy as the key intervention. The medium used for interaction in behavioural therapy intervention was videoconferencing (n = 7), mobile phone (n = 4), telephone calls (n = 8), feedback letters (n = 2). Telemedicine appears to be a promising alternative to conventional therapy.