Mushroom poisoning--from diarrhea to liver transplantation

Am J Gastroenterol. 2001 Nov;96(11):3195-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.05283.x.

Abstract

Mushroom poisoning from the genus Amanita is a medical emergency, with Amanita phalloides being the most common species. The typical symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea are nonspecific and can be mistaken for gastroenteritis. If not adequately treated, hepatic and renal failure may ensue within several days of ingestion. In this case series, patients poisoned with Amanita virosa are described with a spectrum of clinical presentations and outcomes ranging from complete recovery to fulminant hepatic failure. Although there are no controlled clinical trials, a few anecdotal studies provide the basis for regimens recommended to treat Amanita poisoning. Use of i.v. penicillin G is supported by most reports. Silibinin, although preferred over penicillin, is not easily available in the United States. In those with acute liver failure, liver transplantation can be life saving.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amanita
  • Diarrhea / etiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Failure / complications
  • Liver Failure / surgery
  • Liver Transplantation*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mushroom Poisoning / complications
  • Mushroom Poisoning / diagnosis*
  • Mushroom Poisoning / therapy*