Research LettersChloroquine-resistant Plasmodium malariae in south Sumatra, Indonesia
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2014, Infection, Genetics and EvolutionCitation Excerpt :Moreover, the failing chemotherapeutics against the acute attack (Collins and Roberts, 1991; Yohannes et al., 2011) and inadequacy of the only available therapy against relapse (Taye et al., 2006) add further complexity and worrisome to the control and elimination of this parasite species from many vivax malaria-endemic settings. To date, parasite resistance has been documented in three of the five malaria species known to affect humans: P. vivax, P. falciparum, and Plasmodium malariae (Rieckmann et al., 1989; Wellems and Plowe, 2001; Price and Nosten, 2001; Maguire et al., 2002; Vestergaard and Ringwald, 2007). During the past decades, several highly efficacious anti-malarials such as chloroquine (CQ) had to be removed from markets after the development of parasite resistance to these drugs.