Research
Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and COVID-19 severity: a prospective cohort study
Chen Chen, John Wang, Jeff Kwong, JinHee Kim, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Perry Hystad, Yushan Su, Eric Lavigne, Megan Kirby-McGregor, Jay S. Kaufman, Tarik Benmarhnia and Hong Chen
CMAJ May 24, 2022 194 (20) E693-E700; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.220068
Chen Chen
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDJohn Wang
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
MSJeff Kwong
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
MDJinHee Kim
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
MDAaron van Donkelaar
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDRandall V. Martin
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDPerry Hystad
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDYushan Su
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDEric Lavigne
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDMegan Kirby-McGregor
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
MSJay S. Kaufman
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDTarik Benmarhnia
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
PhDHong Chen
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (C. Chen, Benmarhnia), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.; Public Health Ontario (Wang, Kwong, Kim, H. Chen); ICES Central (Kwong, H. Chen); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kwong, Kim, H. Chen), and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering (van Donkelaar, Martin), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.; College of Public Health and Human Studies (Hystad), Oregon State University, Corvallis, Ore.; Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Su), Conservation and Parks, Toronto, Ont.; Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau (Lavigne, H. Chen), Health Canada, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health (Kirby-McGregor, Kaufman), McGill University, Montréal, Que.
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Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and COVID-19 severity: a prospective cohort study
Chen Chen, John Wang, Jeff Kwong, JinHee Kim, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Perry Hystad, Yushan Su, Eric Lavigne, Megan Kirby-McGregor, Jay S. Kaufman, Tarik Benmarhnia, Hong Chen
CMAJ May 2022, 194 (20) E693-E700; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.220068
Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and COVID-19 severity: a prospective cohort study
Chen Chen, John Wang, Jeff Kwong, JinHee Kim, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Perry Hystad, Yushan Su, Eric Lavigne, Megan Kirby-McGregor, Jay S. Kaufman, Tarik Benmarhnia, Hong Chen
CMAJ May 2022, 194 (20) E693-E700; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.220068
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