Logistic regression models for perioperative geriatric care
| Covariate | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Unadjusted | |
| Female sex (v. male) | 0.79 (0.72 to 0.88) |
| Adjusted* | |
| Female sex (v. male) | 0.80 (0.72 to 0.88) |
| Year of surgery (2014/15 v. 2015/16) | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.10) |
| Age, yr | |
| Linear segment | 0.63 (0.17 to 2.34) |
| RCS segment 1 | 1.65 (0.47 to 5.76) |
| RCS segment 2 | 0.14 (0.00 to 17.20) |
| RCS segment 3 | 5.35 (0.04 to 773.17) |
| Not rural residence (v. rural residence) | 2.17 (1.91 to 2.47) |
| Neighbourhood income quintile | |
| 1 (lowest) | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.14) |
| 2 | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.06) |
| 3 | 0.84 (0.76 to 0.93) |
| 4 | 1.03 (0.93 to 1.13) |
| 5 (highest) | Ref. (1.00) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Alcohol abuse (v. none) | 1.51 (1.14 to 2.01) |
| Atrial arrhythmia (v. none) | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.09) |
| Blood-loss anemia (v. none) | 1.08 (0.96 to 1.21) |
| Cardiac valve disease (v. none) | 1.13 (0.90 to 1.43) |
| Coagulopathy (v. none) | 0.92 (0.68 to 1.25) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (v. none) | 0.92 (0.79 to 1.07) |
| Cerebrovascular disease (v. none) | 0.99 (0.79 to 1.24) |
| Disease of pulmonary circulation (v. none) | 1.17 (0.89 to 1.54) |
| Dementia (v. none) | 1.30 (1.14 to 1.48) |
| Depression (v. none) | 1.59 (1.31 to 1.92) |
| Deficiency anemia (v. none) | 0.68 (0.37 to 1.24) |
| Diabetes mellitus without complications (v. none) | 0.96 (0.83 to 1.11) |
| Diabetes mellitus with complications (v. none) | 1.06 (0.92 to 1.22) |
| Dialysis (v. none) | 1.22 (0.80 to 1.86) |
| Drug abuse (v. none) | 1.24 (0.65 to 2.35) |
| Heart failure (v. none) | 1.15 (0.99 to 1.34) |
| Hemiplegia (v. none) | 0.91 (0.49 to 1.69) |
| Hypertension without complications (v. none) | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.11) |
| Hypertension with complications (v. none) | 1.18 (0.72 to 1.96) |
| Liver disease (v. none) | 0.71 (0.43 to 1.18) |
| Malignancy (v. none) | 0.77 (0.61 to 0.96) |
| Metastasis (v. none) | 0.80 (0.51 to 1.25) |
| Obesity (v. none) | 0.90 (0.58 to 1.41) |
| Peptic ulcer disease (v. none) | 1.13 (0.79 to 1.62) |
| Peripheral vascular disease (v. none) | 0.84 (0.61 to 1.15) |
| Psychosis (v. none) | 1.67 (1.07 to 2.61) |
| Renal disease (v. none) | 0.74 (0.57 to 1.30) |
| Rheumatic disease (v. none) | 0.82 (0.52 to 1.30) |
| Venous thromboembolism (v. none) | 1.45 (0.92 to 2.28) |
| Weight loss (v. none) | 0.97 (0.76 to 1.24) |
| Frailty (v. none) | 1.23 (1.09 to 1.38) |
| 1-year mortality risk | |
| HOMR score (per 1-unit increase) | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02) |
| Medications | |
| Anticoagulant (v. none) | 0.95 (0.83 to 1.10) |
| Antiplatelet agent (v. none) | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) |
| Antipsychotic (v. none) | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.21) |
| Benzodiazepine (v. none) | 0.92 (0.82 to 1.03) |
| Opioid (v. none) | 1.04 (0.92 to 1.18) |
| Dementia medication (v. none) | 1.18 (1.00 to 1.39) |
| Health care resource use | |
| Long-term care before admission | 0.40 (0.34 to 0.47) |
| Resource utilization band | |
| 2 (lowest) | Ref. (1.00) |
| 3 | 0.65 (0.35 to 1.21) |
| 4 | 0.90 (0.49 to 1.64) |
| 5 (highest) | 1.30 (0.71 to 2.37) |
| Procedure | |
| Fixation, femur | Ref. (1.00) |
| Implantation of internal device, hip joint | 1.00 (0.78 to 1.28) |
| Fixation, hip joint | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02) |
| Implantation of internal device, pelvis | 1.22 (0.80 to 1.86) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, HOMR = Hospital-patient One-year Mortality Risk, RCS = restricted cubic spline, Ref. = reference category.
↵* Adjusted for the variables listed below.