Proportion of participants who required endotracheal intubation
| Trial | No. (%) of patients | Intubation required, no. (%) of patients | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frat et al., 201519 | 0.2 | ||
| HFNC | 106 | 40 (37.7) | |
| Conventional oxygen therapy | 94 | 44 (46.8) | |
| NIV | 110 | 55 (50.0) | |
| Hernandez et al., 201633 | 0.004 | ||
| HFNC | 264 | 13 (4.9) | |
| Conventional oxygen therapy | 263 | 32 (12.2) | |
| Maggiore et al., 201421 | 0.01 | ||
| HFNC | 53 | 6 (11.3) | |
| Conventional oxygen therapy | 52 | 16 (30.8) | |
| Perbet et al., 201434 | 0.8 | ||
| HFNC | 40 | 9 (22.5) | |
| Conventional oxygen therapy | 40 | 10 (25.0) | |
| Simon et al., 201435 | 0.2 | ||
| HFNC | 20 | 9 (45.0) | |
| NIV | 20 | 13 (65.0) | |
| Stephan et al., 201532 | > 0.9 | ||
| HFNC | 414 | 57 (13.8) | |
| NIV | 416 | 58 (13.9) |
Note: HFNC = high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, NIV = noninvasive ventilation.